[Intraoperative measurement of stapes mobility using a hand-guided electromagnetic probe].
The hearing results of otosurgery are still unsatisfactory. Even after successful implantation of middle ear prostheses there often remains an air bone gap of 30 dB or more. As possible reasons dislocation of the prostheses due to scar growth, changes in prostheses' attachment or ventilation disorders are being discussed. Decreased stapes mobility, which has been judged only manually up to now, is supposed to be a further reason. We are introducing a new electromagnetic probe. The output signal of this device is proportional to the impedance of the stapes-annular ligament cochlear fluid system at the sensor's resonance frequency (2.4 kHz). The advantage of this system is characterised by its hand-guidance. Injury of the sensitive stapes-annular ligament due to tremor movements of the surgeon can be excluded using a special construction of the sensor head. The maximum force of the sensor's tip onto the stapes during measurement is limited to below 5 mN. Preliminary measurement results of 20 patients are presented with normal and abnormal stapes mobility. These results are compared to the subjective impression of the surgeon, who usually tested the stapes mobility by hand. As a result of our investigations probe measurements can detect more exactly decreased mobility of the stapes than the surgeon. Our device may help to detect latent stapes fixation caused by chronic inflammation of the middle ear. The intraoperative measurement of stapes mobility may influence the strategy of the surgeon. Furthermore it would be helpful in patient consulting prior to a revision-tympanoplasty with predicting the potential hearing improvement.