Q:

Run Oracle Java Embedded Suite 7.0 (ARM Linux version) on rooted Android

My goal is to run a Tomcat web server on my phone, but running any Java app would be fine. It seems that the Oracle Java Embedded Suite 7.0 is a regular Java SE that can be run on ARM devices (disclaimer, I've never used Java Embedded before).
I've copied it to my phone via ADB, but when I try to run the java executable it says it can't find the file.

A:

Android doesn't have a classical Java Runtime Environment (JRE) to run Java applications. It doesn't confirm to any of Java Micro / Standard / Enterprise editions, meaning it doesn't need to have java executable or any other necessary libraries. Because of this, you can't just push and run Java application which otherwise runs anywhere.
If you want to run a web server on your Android phone, you can try NanoHTTPD. If you want to run a normal Java application on Android, then you need to port it using Android SDK and reference documentation which might not be trivial.
Pushing Java SE Embedded to an Android phone also wouldn't work because as its page lists, you at least need to have glibc 2.9 or higher to run it which Android stack doesn't provide.

