Q:

Detect application refocus event

I need to know each time the user is starting to use the application.
Case 1 (OK) : The app is not started.
The user starts the application from scratch.
I add a listener on the app's bootstrap, and I am aware when it starts.
Case 2 (TODO) : The app has been started but it's not active anymore
The user reload the application from the taskbar.
I want to know when the application comes from the taskbar to the foreground (like a alt+tab). 
This is tricky to catch, because the app is still running and I don't know which event to listen to. In fact, I don't even know how to name this behaviour.

A:

There is an event for app resume and pause in Cordova so you don't need to edit the Cordova class files. Below is working code I am currently using in an app for iOS/Android.
window.onload = function() {  
    //only fired once when app is opened
    document.addEventListener("deviceready", init, false);
    //re-open app when brought to foreground
    document.addEventListener("resume", init, false);
    //trigger when app is sent to background
    document.addEventListener("pause", onPause, false);

}

function init() {
    console.log('device ready or resume fired');
}

A:

An ios-app developper accepted to help me. His answer suits me very well, as it seem clean et reusable. So I will produce it here : 
The "app come to foreground" event can be catched through the applicationWillEnterForeground event.
Phonegap/Cordova allows to call javascript functions through the Cordova classes. The webView object has a dedicated method to launch js scripts.
So I opened the file Projet/Classes/Cordova/AppDelegate.m :
- (void)applicationWillEnterForeground:(UIApplication *)application {
    NSLog(@"applicationWillEnterForeground: %@", self.viewController.webView);
    [self.viewController.webView stringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:@"notifyForegroundEvent();"];

}

And I added the notifyForegroundEvent() method somewhere in the root of my js files :
var notifyForegroundEvent = function() {
  console.log('notifyForegroundEvent()');
  // Do something here
}

Et voilà

