Definition

Causes

Psittacosis is caused by a specific bacteria. The bacteria is passed from a sick bird. People may come in contact with the bacteria when they inhale the dust of dried bird droppings from the sick bird. The bacteria can also pass when a person touches his or her mouth to the beak of an infected bird. Even minor contact with sick birds can lead to psittacosis. The bacteria can pass from one person to another, but it is rare.

Risk Factors

Handling a pet bird increases the risk of psittacosis. Some infected birds have symptoms, such as losing feathers, runny eyes, a change in eating habits, and diarrhea. Other birds may appear well, but can still spread the infection to humans.

Certain occupations also increase the risk of this infection including:

Veterinarian

Zoo worker

Laboratory worker

Farmer

Poultry plant worker

Birds most often associated with psittacosis infection in people, include:

Parrots

Macaws

Cockatiels

Parakeets

Turkeys

Pigeons

Symptoms

Psittacosis may cause:

Cough

Fever

Chills

Shortness of breath

Headache

Sore throat

Muscle aches

Chest pain

Rash

Diagnosis

You will be asked about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done.

Your body fluids may be tested. This can be done with blood tests.

Images may be taken of your body structures. This can be done with a
chest x-ray
.

Treatment

Psittacosis is treated with antibiotics.

Some infection can cause severe breathing problems that will require hospitalization. Oxygen will be given to help your breathing. IV antibiotics will also be given to help speed medication throughout the body.

Prevention

To help reduce your chance of getting psittacosis:

Keep your mouth away from a bird’s beak.

Buy pet birds from a dealer with an exotic bird permit.

If you have two or more birds, keep their cages apart.

Keep new birds away from other birds for 4-6 weeks.

Clean bird cages, food bowls, and water bowls every day. Disinfect them every week with bleach or rubbing alcohol.

Avoid birds that appear to be sick.

If your bird appears to be sick, take it to a veterinarian right away.

If you care for an infected bird, wear a mask and protective clothing, including gloves, eye wear, and a disposable surgical cap. You should also wear a properly fitted respirator with an N95 or higher rating.

Revision Information

This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.