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This paper will demonstrate how avatar- mediated interactions and learning in networks might lead to identity formation and rehabilitation of language after a brain injury. With references to Vygotsky's notion on the social origins of higher mental functions (1978) and Hutchins claims that cognition is something that is distributed through an external stage (Hutchins, 1995), we will discuss identity formation after a brain injury in relation to Networked Learning (NL). The discussion is based on data from the first author’s Ph.D. thesis on avatar-mediated rehabilitation of people with aphasia (PWA). In the Ph.D. rehabilitation is conceived as a collaborative endeavour conducted in a social virtual community with peer-to-peer interactions. Central is the comprehension that re-learning language is related to social interactions and renegotiating of identity.Losing the ability to communicate makes it difficult to re-tell your own story and you are in risk for being marginalised. This is substantiated by research. Although the focus in aphasia intervention has shifted from relearning the correct language to a greater emphasis life participation and regaining a feeling of belonging to society and family, there is still a need for concrete suggestions for approaches that provide new contexts in which identity formation on-going can be renegotiated.Learning in online social networks has over the years been recognised as a way to construct learning, and identities through participative interactions. Recent years avatar mediated activities in games, online communities, and E-learning have been a part of everyday play, communication and learning. As these methods are still in their infancy, reflections on our traditional learning, teaching and rehabilitation, are needed. Teachers and/or speech therapist need a deeper understanding of the methods and to become skilled in practicing technology mediated teaching. We will discuss the positions that rehabilitation in online communities and NL share and how insights from the NL pedagogy can inform the development of rehabilitation even further. Finally we will introduce the concept of locale framework and autobiographical memory related to networked learning.