Maxwell-Jia/SpecVI-Bench

Summary

This dataset contains spectral classification tasks built for tool-using models. Each example includes a full-spectrum image, a chat-style prompt, and ground-truth labels for binary decisions. The metadata also provides the underlying spectral arrays (wavelength and flux) to support visualization or custom feature extraction.

Data Files

All files are under benchmark/data and share the same schema. File suffixes correspond to target classes:

• cc -> Carbon Star (C-type) (data_source: carbon)
• cv -> Cataclysmic Variable (CV)
• gm -> M-type Giant (gM)
• ss -> S-type Star
• wd -> White Dwarf (WD)

Splits and Sizes

split	file	rows
train	train_cc.parquet	671
train	train_cv.parquet	711
train	train_gm.parquet	658
train	train_ss.parquet	706
train	train_wd.parquet	618
test	test_cc.parquet	1321
test	test_cv.parquet	1458
test	test_gm.parquet	1321
test	test_ss.parquet	1442
test	test_wd.parquet	1212

Totals: train 3364, test 6754.

Data Structure

Each example contains the following fields:

• images: list with a single image object
• data_source: class key string, e.g. carbon, cv, gm, ss, wd
• prompt: list of chat messages
  • role: message role (system, user, etc.)
  • content: message text (the user message includes an <image> placeholder)
• reward_model: struct with ground-truth labels
  • ground_truth: string label (typically YES or NO)
  • type: label source (e.g. rule)
• agent_name: string identifier for the agent configuration
• extra_info: metadata
  • index: unique id string
  • name: spectrum file name
  • tools_kwargs.spectral_visualization_tool.create_kwargs:
    • flux: list of floats (length ~3909)
    • wavelength: list of floats (length ~3909)
    • redshift: float

Notes

• images contains the full-spectrum overview image for the example.
• extra_info provides raw arrays to recreate spectrum plots.

Citation

@misc{Jia2026SpecO3,
  author       = {Minghui Jia and Qichao Zhang and Ali Luo and Linjing Li and Shuo Ye and Hailing Lu and Wen Hou and Dongbin Zhao},
  title        = {Spec-o3: A Tool-Augmented Vision-Language Agent for Rare Celestial Object Candidate Vetting via Automated Spectral Inspection},
  eprint       = {2601.06498},
  archivePrefix= {arXiv},
  primaryClass = {cs.CL},
  year         = {2026},
  url          = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.06498},
  doi          = {10.48550/arXiv.2601.06498}
}