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arxiv_0405001v1 | Toward a New Policy for Scientific and Technical Communication: the Case of Kyrgyz Republic | http://arxiv.org/abs/cs/0405001v1 | arXiv | Nurlan Djenchuraev | 2004-05-01 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Toward a New Policy for Scientific and Technical Communication: the Case of Kyrgyz Republic
The objective of this policy paper is to formulate a new policy in the field of scientific and technical information (STI) in Kyrgyz Republic in the light of emergence and rapid development of electronic scientific communicatio... |
arxiv_0609119v2 | Verification, Validation and Integrity of Distributed and Interchanged Rule Based Policies and Contracts in the Semantic Web | http://arxiv.org/abs/cs/0609119v2 | arXiv | Adrian Paschke | 2006-09-21 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Verification, Validation and Integrity of Distributed and Interchanged Rule Based Policies and Contracts in the Semantic Web
Rule-based policy and contract systems have rarely been studied in terms of their software engineering properties. This is a serious omission, because in rule-based policy or contract representa... |
arxiv_1110.6850v1 | Virtual communities? the middle east revolutions at the Guardian forum: Comment Is Free | http://arxiv.org/abs/1110.6850v1 | arXiv | Bernard Kujawski, Peter Abell | 2011-10-31 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Virtual communities? the middle east revolutions at the Guardian forum: Comment Is Free
We investigate the possibility of virtual community formation in an online social network under a rapid increase of activity of members and newcomers. The evolution is studied of the activity of online users at the Guardian - Comme... |
arxiv_1205.3986v1 | Electronic-government in Saudi Arabia: A positive revolution in the peninsula | http://arxiv.org/abs/1205.3986v1 | arXiv | Omar S. Al-Mushayt, Yusuf Perwej, Kashiful Haq | 2012-05-17 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Electronic-government in Saudi Arabia: A positive revolution in the peninsula
The informatization practice of countries all over the world has shown that the level of a government's informatization is one main factor that can affect its international competitive power. At present, e-government construction is regarded... |
arxiv_1211.2396v1 | A Conceptual Framework for the Promotion of Trusted Online Retailing Environment in Saudi Arabia | http://arxiv.org/abs/1211.2396v1 | arXiv | Rayed AlGhamdi, Steve Drew, Thamer Alhussain | 2012-11-11 | arXiv non-exclusive license | A Conceptual Framework for the Promotion of Trusted Online Retailing Environment in Saudi Arabia
This paper presents a model conceptual framework that is aimed at promoting trust in the online retailing environment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Despite rapid Internet growth, the development of online retailing... |
arxiv_1211.2404v1 | Factors unflinching e-commerce adoption by retailers in Saudi Arabia: Qual Analysis | http://arxiv.org/abs/1211.2404v1 | arXiv | Rayed AlGhamdi, Steve Drew, Waleed Al-Ghaith | 2012-11-11 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Factors unflinching e-commerce adoption by retailers in Saudi Arabia: Qual Analysis
This paper presents the preliminary findings of a study researching the diffusion and the adoption of online retailing in Saudi Arabia. It reports new research that identifies and explores the key issues that positively and negatively ... |
arxiv_1211.2406v1 | EGovernment Stage Model: Evaluating the Rate of Web Development Progress of Government Websites in Saudi Arabia | http://arxiv.org/abs/1211.2406v1 | arXiv | Osama Alfarraj, Steve Drew, Rayed AlGhamdi | 2012-11-11 | arXiv non-exclusive license | EGovernment Stage Model: Evaluating the Rate of Web Development Progress of Government Websites in Saudi Arabia
This paper contributes to the issue of eGovernment implementation in Saudi Arabia by discussing the current situation of ministry websites. It evaluates the rate of web development progress of vital governme... |
arxiv_1211.2799v1 | Factors influencing E-commerce Adoption by Retailers in Saudi Arabia | http://arxiv.org/abs/1211.2799v1 | arXiv | Rayed AlGhamdi, Ann Nguyen, Jeremy Nguyen, Steve Drew | 2012-11-11 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Factors influencing E-commerce Adoption by Retailers in Saudi Arabia
This paper presents some findings from a study researching the diffusion and adoption of online retailing in Saudi Arabia. Although the country has the largest and fastest growing ICT marketplace in the Arab region, e-commerce activities have not pro... |
arxiv_1212.1514v2 | Success Factors Contributing to eGovernment Adoption in Saudi Arabia: G2C approach | http://arxiv.org/abs/1212.1514v2 | arXiv | Ibrahim Abunadi, Louis Sanzogni, Kuldeep Sandhu, Peter Woods | 2012-12-07 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Success Factors Contributing to eGovernment Adoption in Saudi Arabia: G2C approach
Saudi Arabia is predetermined to implement eGovernment and provide world-class government services to citizens by 2010. However, this initiative will be meaningless if the people did not adopt these electronic services. Therefore, the p... |
arxiv_1301.1757v3 | Challenges for regional innovation policies in CEE countries: Spatial concentration and foreign control of US patenting | http://arxiv.org/abs/1301.1757v3 | arXiv | Balázs Lengyel, Tamás Sebestyén, Loet Leydesdorff | 2013-01-09 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Challenges for regional innovation policies in CEE countries: Spatial concentration and foreign control of US patenting
Using techniques of data collection and mapping as overlays to Google Maps--on the basis of patent information available online at the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO)--we point at two major ... |
arxiv_1302.0820v1 | Wheel of B2C E-commerce Development in Saudi Arabia | http://arxiv.org/abs/1302.0820v1 | arXiv | Rayed AlGhamdi, Anne Nguyen, Vicki Jones | 2013-02-04 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Wheel of B2C E-commerce Development in Saudi Arabia
Online retailing (a model of B2C e-commerce) is growing world-wide, with companies in many countries showing increased sales and productivity as a result. It has great potential within the global economy. This paper looks at the current status of online retailing in ... |
arxiv_1307.7141v2 | Influence of Culture on e-Government Acceptance in Saudi Arabia | http://arxiv.org/abs/1307.7141v2 | arXiv | Ibrahim Abunadi | 2013-07-26 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Influence of Culture on e-Government Acceptance in Saudi Arabia
The main purpose of this research is to determine the influence of culture on e-government (electronic government) acceptance in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Citizens' transactional interactions (electronic transactions or e-transactions) with the g... |
arxiv_1411.6744v1 | Investigation of toroidal acceleration and potential acceleration forces in EAST and J-TEXT plasmas | http://arxiv.org/abs/1411.6744v1 | arXiv | Fudi Wang, Bo Lyu, Xiayun Pan, Zhifeng Cheng, Jun Chen, Guangming Cao, Yuming Wang, Xiang Han, Hao Li, Bin Wu, Zhongyong Chen, Manfred Bitter, Kenneth Hill, John Rice, Shigeru Morita, Yadong Li, Ge Zhuang, Minyou Ye, Baonian Wan, Yuejiang Shi, EAST team | 2014-11-25 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Investigation of toroidal acceleration and potential acceleration forces in EAST and J-TEXT plasmas
In order to produce intrinsic rotation, bulk plasmas must be collectively accelerated by the net force exerted on them, which results from both driving and damping forces. So, to study the possible mechanisms of intrins... |
arxiv_1504.01112v1 | Adoption Factors for e-Malls in the SME Sector in Saudi Arabia | http://arxiv.org/abs/1504.01112v1 | arXiv | Adel A. Bahaddad, Rayed AlGhamdi, Salem Alkhalaf | 2015-04-05 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Adoption Factors for e-Malls in the SME Sector in Saudi Arabia
The small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector represents one of the fundamental pillars in the trade field. It contributes significantly to raising the economies of countries by providing significant numbers of job opportunities, which are beneficial ... |
arxiv_1611.00370v1 | Critical success factors for m-commerce in Saudi Arabia's private sector -- a multiple case study analysis | http://arxiv.org/abs/1611.00370v1 | arXiv | Norah Suliman Alturaigi, Abdullah Abdulaziz Altameem | 2016-01-08 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Critical success factors for m-commerce in Saudi Arabia's private sector -- a multiple case study analysis
Many developing country firms are investing huge money in the sector of mobile commerce m commerce Simplifying and understanding the factors which can impact on m commerce success enables the organisations manage... |
arxiv_1705.04776v1 | White Paper on East Asian Vision for mm/submm VLBI: Toward Black Hole Astrophysics down to Angular Resolution of 1~R$_{S}$ | http://arxiv.org/abs/1705.04776v1 | arXiv | K. Asada, M. Kino, M. Honma, T. Hirota, R. -S. Lu, M. Inoue, B. -W. Sohn, Z. -Q. Shen, P. T. P. Ho, K. Akiyama, J-C. Algaba, T. An, G. Bower, D-Y. Byun, R. Dodson, A. Doi, P. G. Edwards, K. Fujisawa, M-F. Gu, K. Hada, Y. Hagiwara, P. Jaroenjittichai, T. Jung, T. Kawashima, S. Koyama, S-S. Lee, S. Matsushita, H. Nagai, ... | 2017-05-13 | arXiv non-exclusive license | White Paper on East Asian Vision for mm/submm VLBI: Toward Black Hole Astrophysics down to Angular Resolution of 1~R$_{S}$
This White Paper details the intentions and plans of the East Asian Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) community for pushing the frontiers of millimeter/submillimeter VLBI. To this end, we s... |
arxiv_1807.01925v1 | Evaluating the impact of the 2012 Olympic Games policy on the regeneration of East London using spatio-temporal big data | http://arxiv.org/abs/1807.01925v1 | arXiv | Xiao Zhou, Desislava Hristova, Anastasios Noulas, Cecilia Mascolo | 2018-07-05 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Evaluating the impact of the 2012 Olympic Games policy on the regeneration of East London using spatio-temporal big data
For urban governments, introducing policies has long been adopted as a main approach to instigate regeneration processes, and to promote social mixing and vitality within the city. However, due to t... |
arxiv_1808.02785v1 | Against Marrying a Stranger Marital Matchmaking Technologies in Saudi Arabia | http://arxiv.org/abs/1808.02785v1 | arXiv | Adel Al-Dawood, Norah Abokhodair, Houda El Mimouni, Svetlana Yarosh | 2018-08-08 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Against Marrying a Stranger Marital Matchmaking Technologies in Saudi Arabia
Websites and applications that match and connect individuals for romantic purposes are commonly used in the Western world. However, there have not been many previous investigations focusing on cultural factors that affect the adoption of simi... |
arxiv_1809.07427v2 | Congruences on infinite partition and partial Brauer monoids | http://arxiv.org/abs/1809.07427v2 | arXiv | James East, Nik Ruskuc | 2018-09-19 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Congruences on infinite partition and partial Brauer monoids
We give a complete description of the congruences on the partition monoid $P_X$ and the partial Brauer monoid $PB_X$, where $X$ is an arbitrary infinite set, and also of the lattices formed by all such congruences. Our results complement those from a recent ... |
arxiv_1812.11336v1 | The gruesome murder of Jamal Khashoggi : Saudi Arabia's new economy dream at risk ? | http://arxiv.org/abs/1812.11336v1 | arXiv | Jamal Bouoiyour, Refk Selmi | 2018-12-29 | arXiv non-exclusive license | The gruesome murder of Jamal Khashoggi : Saudi Arabia's new economy dream at risk ?
With the horrific Jamal Khashoggi killing, Mohammed Bin Salman's image in the international community has been damaged. This study seeks to test whether Khashoggi murder discourage businesses from investing in Saudi Arabia. We use an e... |
arxiv_1905.06128v1 | First Results of Arar-Magnetometer Station in Saudi Arabia | http://arxiv.org/abs/1905.06128v1 | arXiv | Moqbil S. Alenazi, Ayman Mahrous, Ibrahim Fathy, Mohamed Nouh, Essam Elkholy, Magdy Elkhateeb, Rasha Tharwat, Heba Shalaby, Yara Ahmed | 2019-05-13 | arXiv non-exclusive license | First Results of Arar-Magnetometer Station in Saudi Arabia
This paper presents the first results of a new Arar-magnetometer station located (Geographic Coordinates: 30 58.5 N, 41 2.3 E) at Northern Border University in Saudi Arabia. The geomagnetic response detected by the station during a moderate magnetic storm of A... |
arxiv_1910.05620v1 | A Recommendation for Net Undercount Estimation in Iran Population and Dwelling Censuses | http://arxiv.org/abs/1910.05620v1 | arXiv | Sepideh Mosaferi, Hamidreza Navvabpour | 2019-10-12 | arXiv non-exclusive license | A Recommendation for Net Undercount Estimation in Iran Population and Dwelling Censuses
Census counts are subject to different types of nonsampling errors. One of these main errors is coverage error. Undercount and overcount are two types of coverage error. Undercount usually occurs more than the other, thus net under... |
arxiv_1911.07723v2 | The geopolitics behind the routes data travels: a case study of Iran | http://arxiv.org/abs/1911.07723v2 | arXiv | Loqman Salamatian, Frederick Douzet, Kevin Limonier, Kavé Salamatian | 2019-11-18 | arXiv non-exclusive license | The geopolitics behind the routes data travels: a case study of Iran
The global expansion of the Internet has brought many challenges to geopolitics. Cyberspace is a space of strategic priority for many states. Understanding and representing its geography remains an ongoing challenge. Nevertheless, we need to comprehe... |
arxiv_2006.16911v1 | Turbulence on the Global Economy influenced by Artificial Intelligence and Foreign Policy Inefficiencies | http://arxiv.org/abs/2006.16911v1 | arXiv | Kwadwo Osei Bonsu, Jie Song | 2020-06-19 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Turbulence on the Global Economy influenced by Artificial Intelligence and Foreign Policy Inefficiencies
It is said that Data and Information are the new oil. One, who handles the data, handles the emerging future of the global economy. Complex algorithms and intelligence-based filter programs are utilized to manage, ... |
arxiv_2008.10903v4 | Policy Implications of Statistical Estimates: A General Bayesian Decision-Theoretic Model for Binary Outcomes | http://arxiv.org/abs/2008.10903v4 | arXiv | Akisato Suzuki | 2020-08-25 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Policy Implications of Statistical Estimates: A General Bayesian Decision-Theoretic Model for Binary Outcomes
How should we evaluate the effect of a policy on the likelihood of an undesirable event, such as conflict? The significance test has three limitations. First, relying on statistical significance misses the fac... |
arxiv_2009.07815v2 | Analysing Scientific Mobility and Collaboration in the Middle East and North Africa | http://arxiv.org/abs/2009.07815v2 | arXiv | Jamal El-Ouahi, Nicolas Robinson-Garcia, Rodrigo Costas | 2020-09-16 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Analysing Scientific Mobility and Collaboration in the Middle East and North Africa
This study investigates the scientific mobility and international collaboration networks in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region between 2008 and 2017. By using affiliation metadata available in scientific publications, we an... |
arxiv_2010.14374v3 | Explainable Machine Learning for Public Policy: Use Cases, Gaps, and Research Directions | http://arxiv.org/abs/2010.14374v3 | arXiv | Kasun Amarasinghe, Kit Rodolfa, Hemank Lamba, Rayid Ghani | 2020-10-27 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Explainable Machine Learning for Public Policy: Use Cases, Gaps, and Research Directions
Explainability is highly-desired in Machine Learning (ML) systems supporting high-stakes policy decisions in areas such as health, criminal justice, education, and employment. While the field of explainable ML has expanded in rece... |
arxiv_2011.14386v1 | Google Searches and COVID-19 Cases in Saudi Arabia: A Correlation Study | http://arxiv.org/abs/2011.14386v1 | arXiv | Btool Hamoui, Abdulaziz Alashaikh, Eisa Alanazi | 2020-11-29 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Google Searches and COVID-19 Cases in Saudi Arabia: A Correlation Study
Background: The outbreak of the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has affected human life to a great extent on a worldwide scale. During the coronavirus pandemic, public health professionals at the early outbreak faced an extraordinary challenge ... |
arxiv_2105.03027v1 | Weather impact on daily cases of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia using machine learning | http://arxiv.org/abs/2105.03027v1 | arXiv | Abdullah Alsuhaibani, Abdulrahman Alhaidari | 2021-05-07 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Weather impact on daily cases of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia using machine learning
COVID-19 was announced by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as a global pandemic. The severity of the disease spread is determined by various factors such as the countries' health care capacity and the enforced lockdown. However, it is ... |
arxiv_2105.10736v1 | How They Tweet? An Insightful Analysis of Twitter Handles of Saudi Arabia | http://arxiv.org/abs/2105.10736v1 | arXiv | Mohammad Muzammil Khan, Shahab Saquib Sohail, Darakhshan Ishrat | 2021-05-22 | arXiv non-exclusive license | How They Tweet? An Insightful Analysis of Twitter Handles of Saudi Arabia
The emergence of social network site has attracted many users across the world to share their feeling, news, achievements and personal thoughts over several platforms. The recent crisis due to worldwide lockdown amid COVID 19 has shown how these... |
arxiv_2108.09745v1 | M-Government, Wilaya and Women's Empowerment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia | http://arxiv.org/abs/2108.09745v1 | arXiv | Norah Humus Alotaibi, Salihu Dasuki, Efpraxia Zamani | 2021-08-22 | arXiv non-exclusive license | M-Government, Wilaya and Women's Empowerment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
With the loosening of the male guardianship system (Wilaya) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), this study examines the contribution of m-government to the empowerment of Saudi women. We employ the key concepts of Sen's Capability Approach (... |
arxiv_2111.00753v3 | Characterization of Pedestal Burst Instabilities during I-mode to H-mode Transition in the EAST Tokamak | http://arxiv.org/abs/2111.00753v3 | arXiv | X. M. Zhong, X. L. Zou, A. D. Liu, Y. T. Song, G. Zhuang, E. Z. Li, B. Zhang, J. Zhang, C. Zhou, X. Feng, Y. M. Duan, R. Ding, H. Q. Liu, B. Lv, L. Wang, L. Q. Xu, L. Zhang, Hailin Zhao, Tao Zhang, Qing Zang, B. J. Ding, M. H. Li, C. M. Qin, X. J. Wang, X. J. Zhang, EAST Team | 2021-11-01 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Characterization of Pedestal Burst Instabilities during I-mode to H-mode Transition in the EAST Tokamak
Quasi-periodic Pedestal Burst Instabilities (PBIs), featuring alternative turbulence suppression and bursts, have been clearly identified by various edge diagnostics during I-mode to H-mode transition in the EAST To... |
arxiv_2206.08643v2 | Experimental scaling of the scrape-off layer particle flux width by outboard divertor Langmuir probes with favorable Bt configuration on EAST | http://arxiv.org/abs/2206.08643v2 | arXiv | X. Liu, L. Y. Meng, J. C. Xu, L. Wang, J. Li, the EAST Team | 2022-06-17 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Experimental scaling of the scrape-off layer particle flux width by outboard divertor Langmuir probes with favorable Bt configuration on EAST
The scrape-off layer (SOL) power width (λ_q) is important for predicting the heat load on divertor targets for future magnetically confined devices. Currently, the underlying ph... |
arxiv_2208.04485v2 | Defining the Middle Corona | http://arxiv.org/abs/2208.04485v2 | arXiv | Matthew J. West, Daniel B. Seaton, David B. Wexler, John C. Raymond, Giulio Del Zanna, Yeimy J. Rivera, Adam R. Kobelski, Craig DeForest, Leon Golub, Amir Caspi, Chris R. Gilly, Jason E. Kooi, Benjamin L. Alterman, Nathalia Alzate, Dipankar Banerjee, David Berghmans, Bin Chen, Lakshmi Pradeep Chitta, Cooper Downs, Silv... | 2022-08-09 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Defining the Middle Corona
The middle corona, the region roughly spanning heliocentric altitudes from $1.5$ to $6\,R_\odot$, encompasses almost all of the influential physical transitions and processes that govern the behavior of coronal outflow into the heliosphere. Eruptions that could disrupt the near-Earth environ... |
arxiv_2208.13520v2 | On the lack of women researchers in the Middle East & North Africa | http://arxiv.org/abs/2208.13520v2 | arXiv | Jamal El-Ouahi, Vincent Lariviere | 2022-08-29 | arXiv non-exclusive license | On the lack of women researchers in the Middle East & North Africa
Recent gender policies in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region have improved legal equality for women with noticeable effects in some countries. The implications of these policies on science, however, is not well-understood. This study applie... |
arxiv_2304.04584v1 | Extension of ELM suppression window using n=4 RMPs in EAST | http://arxiv.org/abs/2304.04584v1 | arXiv | P. Xie, Y. Sun, Q. Ma, S. Gu, Y. Q. Liu, M. Jia, A. Loarte, X. Wu, Y. Chang, T. Jia, T. Zhang, Z. Zhou, Q. Zang, B. Lyu, S. Fu, H. Sheng, C. Ye, H. Yang, H. H. Wang, EAST Contributors | 2023-04-10 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Extension of ELM suppression window using n=4 RMPs in EAST
The q95 window for Type-I Edge Localized Modes (ELMs) suppression using n=4 even parity Resonant Magnetic Perturbations (RMPs) has been significantly expanded to a range from 3.9 to 4.8, which is demonstrated to be reliable and repeatable in EAST over the last... |
arxiv_2306.08416v1 | Characteristics of the edge temperature ring oscillation during stationary improved confnement mode in EAST | http://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08416v1 | arXiv | A. D. Liu, X. L. Zou, X. M. Zhong, Y. T. Song, M. K. Han, Y. M. Duan, H. Q. Liu, T. B. Wang, E. Z. Li, L. Zhang, X. Feng, G. Zhuang, EAST I-mode working group | 2023-06-14 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Characteristics of the edge temperature ring oscillation during stationary improved confnement mode in EAST
I-mode is a natural ELMy-free regime with H-mode like improved energy confnement and L-mode like particle confnement, making it an attractive scenario for future tokamak based fusion reactors. A kind of low freq... |
arxiv_2311.01457v1 | Conformal Policy Learning for Sensorimotor Control Under Distribution Shifts | http://arxiv.org/abs/2311.01457v1 | arXiv | Huang Huang, Satvik Sharma, Antonio Loquercio, Anastasios Angelopoulos, Ken Goldberg, Jitendra Malik | 2023-11-02 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Conformal Policy Learning for Sensorimotor Control Under Distribution Shifts
This paper focuses on the problem of detecting and reacting to changes in the distribution of a sensorimotor controller's observables. The key idea is the design of switching policies that can take conformal quantiles as input, which we defin... |
arxiv_2312.15930v1 | Archimedean cuboctahedron: The Medieval Journey from the Middle East to Northern Russia | http://arxiv.org/abs/2312.15930v1 | arXiv | Andrey Yu. Chernov, Eugene A. Katz | 2023-12-26 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Archimedean cuboctahedron: The Medieval Journey from the Middle East to Northern Russia
Bronze cuboctahedral weights dated to the VIII-X centuries were found in northwest Russia near Ladoga, one of the most important trading centers in Eastern Europe in the VIII-X centuries. The history of the mathematical study of cu... |
arxiv_2403.10114v1 | Reconstruction of Poloidal Magnetic Fluxes on EAST based on Neural Networks with Measured Signals | http://arxiv.org/abs/2403.10114v1 | arXiv | Feifei Long, Xiangze Xia, Jian Liu, Zixi Liu, Xiaodong Wu, Xiaohe Wu, Chenguang Wan, Xiang Gao, Guoqiang Li, Zhengping Luo, Jinping Qian, EAST Team | 2024-03-15 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Reconstruction of Poloidal Magnetic Fluxes on EAST based on Neural Networks with Measured Signals
The accurate construction of tokamak equilibria, which is critical for the effective control and optimization of plasma configurations, depends on the precise distribution of magnetic fields and magnetic fluxes. Equilibri... |
arxiv_2404.07458v1 | I-mode Plasma Confinement Improvement by Real-time Lithium Injection and its Classification on EAST Tokamak | http://arxiv.org/abs/2404.07458v1 | arXiv | X. M. Zhong, X. L. Zou, A. D. Liu, Y. T. Song, G. Zhuang, H. Q. Liu, L. Q. Xu, E. Z. Li, B. Zhang, G. Z. Zuo, Z. Wang, C. Zhou, J. Zhang, W. X. Shi, L. T. Gao, S. F. Wang, W. Gao, T. Q. Jia, Q. Zang, H. L. Zhao, M. Wang, H. D. Xu, X. J. Wang, X. Gao, X. D. Lin, J. G. Li, EAST I-mode Working Group, EAST Team | 2024-04-11 | arXiv non-exclusive license | I-mode Plasma Confinement Improvement by Real-time Lithium Injection and its Classification on EAST Tokamak
I-mode is a promising regime for future fusion reactors due to the high energy confinement and the moderate particle confinement. However, the effect of lithium, which has been widely applied for particle recycl... |
arxiv_2407.04273v1 | Understanding the Landscape of Leveraging IoT for Sustainable Growth in Saudi Arabia | http://arxiv.org/abs/2407.04273v1 | arXiv | Manal Alshehri, Ohoud Alharbi | 2024-07-05 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Understanding the Landscape of Leveraging IoT for Sustainable Growth in Saudi Arabia
The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies in agriculture holds promise for transforming farming practices, particularly in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). This study explores the adoption of smart farming practices a... |
arxiv_2408.03272v1 | Suppression of Edge Localized Modes in ITER Baseline Scenario in EAST using Edge Localized Magnetic Perturbations | http://arxiv.org/abs/2408.03272v1 | arXiv | P. Xie, Y. Sun, M. Jia, A. Loarte, Y. Q. Liu, C. Ye, S. Gu, H. Sheng, Y. Liang, Q. Ma, H. Yang, C. A. Paz-Soldan, G. Deng, S. Fu, G. Chen, K. He, T. Jia, D. Lu, B. Lv, J. Qian, H. H. Wang, S. Wang, D. Weisberg, X. Wu, W. Xu, X. Yan, Y. Yu, Q. Zang, L. Zeng, T. Zhang, C. Zhou, Z. Zhou, B. Wan, the EAST Team | 2024-08-06 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Suppression of Edge Localized Modes in ITER Baseline Scenario in EAST using Edge Localized Magnetic Perturbations
We report the suppression of Type-I Edge Localized Modes (ELMs) in the EAST tokamak under ITER baseline conditions using $n = 4$ Resonant Magnetic Perturbations (RMPs), while maintaining energy confinement... |
arxiv_2412.13498v1 | Attention-aware convolutional neural networks for identification of magnetic islands in the tearing mode on EAST tokamak | http://arxiv.org/abs/2412.13498v1 | arXiv | Feifei Long, Yian Zhao, Yunjiao Zhang, Chenguang Wan, Yinan Zhou, Ziwei Qiang, Kangning Yang, Jiuying Li, Tonghui Shi, Bihao Guo, Yang Zhang, Hailing Zhao, Ang Ti, Adi Liu, Chu Zhou, Jinlin Xie, Zixi Liu, Ge Zhuang, EAST Team | 2024-12-18 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Attention-aware convolutional neural networks for identification of magnetic islands in the tearing mode on EAST tokamak
The tearing mode, a large-scale MHD instability in tokamak, typically disrupts the equilibrium magnetic surfaces, leads to the formation of magnetic islands, and reduces core electron temperature an... |
arxiv_2503.17485v1 | SaudiCulture: A Benchmark for Evaluating Large Language Models Cultural Competence within Saudi Arabia | http://arxiv.org/abs/2503.17485v1 | arXiv | Lama Ayash, Hassan Alhuzali, Ashwag Alasmari, Sultan Aloufi | 2025-03-21 | arXiv non-exclusive license | SaudiCulture: A Benchmark for Evaluating Large Language Models Cultural Competence within Saudi Arabia
Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language processing; however, they often struggle to accurately capture and reflect cultural nuances. This research addresses this cha... |
arxiv_2504.16153v1 | Leveraging Social Media Analytics for Sustainability Trend Detection in Saudi Arabias Evolving Market | http://arxiv.org/abs/2504.16153v1 | arXiv | Kanwal Aalijah | 2025-04-22 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Leveraging Social Media Analytics for Sustainability Trend Detection in Saudi Arabias Evolving Market
Saudi Arabias rapid economic growth and social evolution under Vision 2030 present a unique opportunity to track emerging trends in real time. Uncovering trends in real time can open up new avenues for business and in... |
arxiv_2505.02710v1 | Increasing the density limit with ECRH-assisted Ohmic start-up on EAST | http://arxiv.org/abs/2505.02710v1 | arXiv | Jiaxing Liu, Ping Zhu, Dominique Franck Escande, Wenbin Liu, Shiwei Xue, Xin Lin, Panjun Tang, Liang Wang, Ning Yan, Jinju Yang, Yanmin Duan, Kai Jia, Zhenwei Wu, Yunxin Cheng, Ling Zhang, Jinping Qian, Rui Ding, Ruijie Zhou, the EAST team | 2025-05-05 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Increasing the density limit with ECRH-assisted Ohmic start-up on EAST
High plasma density operation is crucial for a tokamak to achieve energy breakeven and a burning plasma. However, there is often an empirical upper limit of electron density in tokamak operation, namely the Greenwald density limit $n_G$, above whic... |
arxiv_2505.22353v1 | VME: A Satellite Imagery Dataset and Benchmark for Detecting Vehicles in the Middle East and Beyond | http://arxiv.org/abs/2505.22353v1 | arXiv | Noora Al-Emadi, Ingmar Weber, Yin Yang, Ferda Ofli | 2025-05-28 | arXiv non-exclusive license | VME: A Satellite Imagery Dataset and Benchmark for Detecting Vehicles in the Middle East and Beyond
Detecting vehicles in satellite images is crucial for traffic management, urban planning, and disaster response. However, current models struggle with real-world diversity, particularly across different regions. This ch... |
arxiv_2506.01446v1 | Policy as Code, Policy as Type | http://arxiv.org/abs/2506.01446v1 | arXiv | Matthew D. Fuchs | 2025-06-02 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Policy as Code, Policy as Type
Policies are designed to distinguish between correct and incorrect actions; they are types. But badly typed actions may cause not compile errors, but financial and reputational harm We demonstrate how even the most complex ABAC policies can be expressed as types in dependently typed lang... |
arxiv_2508.05156v1 | AI Conversational Tutors in Foreign Language Learning: A Mixed-Methods Evaluation Study | http://arxiv.org/abs/2508.05156v1 | arXiv | Nikolaos Avouris | 2025-08-07 | arXiv non-exclusive license | AI Conversational Tutors in Foreign Language Learning: A Mixed-Methods Evaluation Study
This paper focuses on AI tutors in foreign language learning, a field of application of AI tutors with great development, especially during the last years, when great advances in natural language understanding and processing in rea... |
arxiv_2508.13525v1 | Saudi-Dialect-ALLaM: LoRA Fine-Tuning for Dialectal Arabic Generation | http://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13525v1 | arXiv | Hassan Barmandah | 2025-08-19 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Saudi-Dialect-ALLaM: LoRA Fine-Tuning for Dialectal Arabic Generation
Large language models (LLMs) for Arabic are still dominated by Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), with limited support for Saudi dialects such as Najdi and Hijazi. This underrepresentation hinders their ability to capture authentic dialectal variation. U... |
arxiv_2511.17683v1 | Datacenters in the Desert: Feasibility and Sustainability of LLM Inference in the Middle East | http://arxiv.org/abs/2511.17683v1 | arXiv | Lara Hassan, Mohamed ElZeftawy, Abdulrahman Mahmoud | 2025-11-21 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Datacenters in the Desert: Feasibility and Sustainability of LLM Inference in the Middle East
As the Middle East emerges as a strategic hub for artificial intelligence (AI) infrastructure, the feasibility of deploying sustainable datacenters in desert environments has become a topic of growing relevance. This paper pr... |
arxiv_2511.20676v1 | Determination of new national highpoints of five African and Asian countries, Saudi Arabia, Uzbekistan, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, and Togo | http://arxiv.org/abs/2511.20676v1 | arXiv | Eric Gilbertson, Matthew Gilbertson | 2025-11-15 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Determination of new national highpoints of five African and Asian countries, Saudi Arabia, Uzbekistan, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, and Togo
Not all nations on earth have previously been surveyed accurately enough to know for certain which peak is the national highpoint, the highest peak in the country. Knowledge of these ... |
arxiv_2601.17065v1 | ThinkTank-ME: A Multi-Expert Framework for Middle East Event Forecasting | http://arxiv.org/abs/2601.17065v1 | arXiv | Haoxuan Li, He Chang, Yunshan Ma, Yi Bin, Yang Yang, See-Kiong Ng, Tat-Seng Chua | 2026-01-22 | arXiv non-exclusive license | ThinkTank-ME: A Multi-Expert Framework for Middle East Event Forecasting
Event forecasting is inherently influenced by multifaceted considerations, including international relations, regional historical dynamics, and cultural contexts. However, existing LLM-based approaches employ single-model architectures that gener... |
arxiv_2604.06418v1 | Trust in AI among Middle Eastern CS Students: Investigating Students' Trust and Usage Patterns Across Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Jordan | http://arxiv.org/abs/2604.06418v1 | arXiv | Saleh Alkhamees, Ali Alfageeh, Bader Alkhazi, Duaa Alshdaifat, Amin Alipour | 2026-04-07 | arXiv non-exclusive license | Trust in AI among Middle Eastern CS Students: Investigating Students' Trust and Usage Patterns Across Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Jordan
Background and Context: Artificial intelligence (AI) tools have been reshaping computing and computer science education. Trust in AI is a determining factor in the adoption of these too... |
brookings_02-iran-around-brookings | 02 Iran Around Brookings | https://www.brookings.edu/articles/02-iran-around-brookings/ | Brookings Institution | Suzanne Maloney, , Suzanne Maloney, Foreign Policy | 2013-05-30 | © Brookings Institution (fair use — non-commercial research) | 02 Iran Around Brookings
-Three Syria articles from Brookings in the past week (only the second) mentions Iran by name at all):
https://www.brookings.edu/research/opinions/2013/05/28-syrian-opposition-hamid
https://www.brookings.edu/research/opinions/2013/05/23-bosnia-road-map-syria-ohanlon-joseph
https://www.brook... |
brookings_10-questions-on-iran-the-next-war | 10 Questions on Iran: The Next War? | https://www.brookings.edu/articles/10-questions-on-iran-the-next-war/ | Brookings Institution | Kenneth M Pollack, , Kenneth M Pollack | 2007-02-02 | © Brookings Institution (fair use — non-commercial research) | 10 Questions on Iran: The Next War?
1. What are the consequences for America if Iran successfully develops nuclear weapons? How close are the Iranians to doing so?
We really don’t know just how close Iran is to acquiring the capability to produce a nuclear weapon, and that is part of the alarm. They are certainly a l... |
brookings_10-things-you-should-know-about-the-current-crisis-in-venezuela | 10 things you should know about the current crisis in Venezuela | https://www.brookings.edu/articles/10-things-you-should-know-about-the-current-crisis-in-venezuela/ | Brookings Institution | Dany Bahar, , Dany Bahar, Global Economy and Development, Harold Trinkunas, | 2017-04-24 | © Brookings Institution (fair use — non-commercial research) | 10 things you should know about the current crisis in Venezuela
In recent days, hundreds of thousands of Venezuelans across the country have been demonstrating on the streets against the government of Nicolás Maduro. They have been repressed by the National Guard (a branch of the Armed Forces) and the National Police ... |
brookings_10-years-after-the-financial-crisis-uneven-progress-and-some-structural-disconnects | 10 years after the financial crisis: Uneven progress and some structural disconnects | https://www.brookings.edu/articles/10-years-after-the-financial-crisis-uneven-progress-and-some-structural-disconnects/ | Brookings Institution | unknown | unknown | © Brookings Institution (fair use — non-commercial research) | 10 years after the financial crisis: Uneven progress and some structural disconnects
The world economy has come a long way since the global financial crisis a decade ago that infected all major financial markets and set off a global recession. Unconventional monetary policy and expansionary fiscal policy helped the ad... |
brookings_10-years-later-4-fiscal-policy-lessons-from-the-global-financial-crisis | 10 years later: 4 fiscal policy lessons from the global financial crisis | https://www.brookings.edu/articles/10-years-later-4-fiscal-policy-lessons-from-the-global-financial-crisis/ | Brookings Institution | Ivailo Izvorski, | 2018-06-25 | © Brookings Institution (fair use — non-commercial research) | 10 years later: 4 fiscal policy lessons from the global financial crisis
In response to the global financial crisis, governments around the world introduced large fiscal stimulus packages. There was much debate about the size and timing of the response. Today, the widely-held view is that the introduction and the int... |
brookings_15-minute-phone-call-cause-for-hope-in-u-s-iran-relations | 15-Minute Phone Call Cause for Hope in U.S.-Iran Relations | https://www.brookings.edu/articles/15-minute-phone-call-cause-for-hope-in-u-s-iran-relations/ | Brookings Institution | Bessma Momani, | 2013-10-02 | © Brookings Institution (fair use — non-commercial research) | 15-Minute Phone Call Cause for Hope in U.S.-Iran Relations
For nearly 34 years, the United States and Iran have declared each other sworn enemies. Last week’s phone call between the two countries’ presidents — the first in almost 30 years — represents a remarkable opportunity to end this hostility. The lines of commun... |
brookings_1958-when-america-first-went-to-war-in-the-middle-east | 1958: When America first went to war in the Middle East | https://www.brookings.edu/articles/1958-when-america-first-went-to-war-in-the-middle-east/ | Brookings Institution | Bruce Riedel, , Bruce Riedel, Foreign Policy, Center for Middle East Policy, Strobe Talbott Center for Security, Strategy, and Technology | 2018-07-02 | © Brookings Institution (fair use — non-commercial research) | 1958: When America first went to war in the Middle East
Sixty years ago this month, the United States first sent combat troops into the Middle East. The July 1958 Marine landing in Beirut, Lebanon thus began the era of America’s now seemingly endless wars in the region. The 1958 episode has lessons for today.
Backed ... |
brookings_1979-iran-and-america | 1979: Iran and America | https://www.brookings.edu/articles/1979-iran-and-america/ | Brookings Institution | Suzanne Maloney, , Suzanne Maloney, Foreign Policy | 2019-01-24 | © Brookings Institution (fair use — non-commercial research) | 1979: Iran and America
Four decades have now passed since a mass political movement espousing the triumph of sacral authority over secular toppled Iran’s absolute monarch, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, and his seemingly impregnable state. Just as definitively, the revolution that abrogated the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979 scuttle... |
brookings_2010-a-difficult-year-in-turkish-american-relations | 2010: A Difficult Year in Turkish-American Relations | https://www.brookings.edu/articles/2010-a-difficult-year-in-turkish-american-relations/ | Brookings Institution | Ömer Taşpınar, | 2010-12-27 | © Brookings Institution (fair use — non-commercial research) | 2010: A Difficult Year in Turkish-American Relations
As we approach the end of the year, it is time to take stock of 2010 and offer some predictions for next year in Turkish-American relations. Overall, 2010 proved to be a challenging year for the Washington-Ankara axis.
From of the point of view of the Obama adminis... |
brookings_2010-arab-public-opinion-poll-results-of-arab-opinion-survey-conducted-june-29-july-20-2010 | 2010 Arab Public Opinion Poll: Results of Arab Opinion Survey Conducted June 29-July 20, 2010 | https://www.brookings.edu/articles/2010-arab-public-opinion-poll-results-of-arab-opinion-survey-conducted-june-29-july-20-2010/ | Brookings Institution | Shibley Telhami, , Shibley Telhami, Foreign Policy, Center for Middle East Policy | 2010-08-05 | © Brookings Institution (fair use — non-commercial research) | 2010 Arab Public Opinion Poll: Results of Arab Opinion Survey Conducted June 29-July 20, 2010
Content from the Brookings Doha Center is now archived. In September 2021, after 14 years of impactful partnership, Brookings and the Brookings Doha Center announced that they were ending their affiliation. The Brookings Doha... |
brookings_2014-midterms-isis-and-the-campaign-trail | 2014 Midterms: ISIS and the Campaign Trail | https://www.brookings.edu/articles/2014-midterms-isis-and-the-campaign-trail/ | Brookings Institution | William McCants, | 2014-10-30 | © Brookings Institution (fair use — non-commercial research) | 2014 Midterms: ISIS and the Campaign Trail
As part of the2014 Midterm Elections Series,experts across Brookings will weigh in on issues that are central to this year’s campaigns, how the candidates are engaging those topics, and what will shape policy for the next two years. In this post, Will McCants looks at how the... |
brookings_2018-another-year-of-the-woman | 2018: Another ‘Year of the Woman’ | https://www.brookings.edu/articles/2018-another-year-of-the-woman/ | Brookings Institution | Elaine Kamarck, , Elaine Kamarck, Center for Effective Public Management (CEPM), Governance Studies | 2018-11-07 | © Brookings Institution (fair use — non-commercial research) | 2018: Another ‘Year of the Woman’
In the 2018 elections, women played a bigger role than they have in any other election in American history. Two hundred and fifty-five women ran for office in the two major parties. And as of Wednesday morning, Democratic women had won nearly half (47 percent) of their races for 93 se... |
brookings_2020-the-year-of-the-woman-voter | 2020: The Year of the Woman Voter | https://www.brookings.edu/articles/2020-the-year-of-the-woman-voter/ | Brookings Institution | Michael D. Hais, , Morley Winograd, | 2020-08-07 | © Brookings Institution (fair use — non-commercial research) | 2020: The Year of the Woman Voter
The 1992 election was called the “Year of the Woman” because the number of female senators tripled (from two all the way to six) and two dozen women were elected to their first term in the House, the largest number in congressional history. By contrast, this year’s election is being d... |
brookings_21st-century-bedouin-politics-considering-the-modern-power-of-tribes-in-the-arabian-peninsula | 21st century Bedouin politics: Considering the modern power of tribes in the Arabian Peninsula | https://www.brookings.edu/articles/21st-century-bedouin-politics-considering-the-modern-power-of-tribes-in-the-arabian-peninsula/ | Brookings Institution | Courtney Freer, | 2022-01-12 | © Brookings Institution (fair use — non-commercial research) | 21st century Bedouin politics: Considering the modern power of tribes in the Arabian Peninsula
Tribal identities and affiliations remain important social and political markers in the modern and urbanized nations of the Arabian Peninsula. Yet, in such environments, which differ greatly from those in which tribes origin... |
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Middle East Geopolitics Corpus
A cleaned and deduplicated corpus of ~7,800 documents specializing in Middle East geopolitics, designed to power a RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) pipeline.
Description
This dataset contains articles and reports from think tanks, academic institutions, and encyclopedias covering Middle East geopolitics: conflicts, diplomacy, regional actors (Israel, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Palestine), and external powers (United States, Russia, China).
Sources
| Source | Documents | Description |
|---|---|---|
| RAND Corporation | 311 | Foreign policy and security reports |
| Brookings Institution | 5,009 | Geopolitical analyses and policy papers |
| Wilson Center | 1,138 | Middle East research articles |
| arXiv | 55 | Academic papers |
| Wikipedia | 1,339 | Encyclopedia articles (43 geopolitical categories) |
| Total | 7,852 | after cleaning: 7,796 |
Data Cleaning Pipeline
Steps applied in order:
- Exact deduplication — duplicate removal via SHA-256 hash
- Fuzzy deduplication — MinHash LSH (Jaccard ≥ 0.85, 128 permutations)
- Language filtering — English-only documents retained (langdetect)
- Repetition filtering — documents with repetition ratio > 0.3 removed
- Boilerplate removal — recurring headers, footers, and navigation menus stripped
- PII removal — emails and phone numbers anonymized
Result: 7,796 documents / 65.21 MB (from 7,852 raw documents)
Format
.jsonl files (JSON Lines), one document per line:
{
"title": "Iran's Regional Strategy",
"content": "...",
"url": "https://...",
"source": "Brookings Institution",
"date": "2023-04-15"
}
Usage
from datasets import load_dataset
dataset = load_dataset("Nyries/middle-east-geopolitics-corpus")
For the full RAG pipeline, see the GitHub repository.
Chars/Tokens Ratio
| Metric | This corpus | FineWeb-Edu (reference) |
|---|---|---|
| Avg chars/token | ~4.1 | ~4.3 |
| Estimated tokens | ~15.9M | — |
| Avg document length | 8,370 chars | — |
The slightly lower ratio compared to FineWeb-Edu is explained by the prevalence of geopolitical proper nouns and acronyms (IRGC, GCC, P5+1) that tokenize into multiple subword units.
Model Trained on This Corpus
Nyries/qwen3-0.8b-middle-east-cpt — Continuous pre-training of Qwen3.5-0.8B-Base on this corpus.
License
Original documents are subject to their respective source licenses. This compiled dataset is distributed under CC BY 4.0.
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